1. Constitutional provision: Article 51A(a), in Part IVA of the Constitution of India, makes it a fundamental duty of every citizen to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem. 2. Statutory basis: The Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 prescribes punishment for specified acts involving disrespect to the National Flag, National Anthem and Constitution of India. Section 2 addresses insults to the National Flag, while Section 3 addresses preventing the singing of the National Anthem or causing disturbances to its singing. Under Section 3A, a minimum one-year imprisonment applies to a subsequent conviction when the statutory prior-conviction condition is satisfied. Detailed rules governing the display of the National Flag are also contained in the Flag Code of India, 2002; not every flag-display rule is itself a provision of the 1971 Act. 3. Judicial precedent: In Bijoe Emmanuel v. State of Kerala (1986), the Supreme Court protected students who did not sing the National Anthem but stood respectfully and maintained proper decorum. Not singing the Anthem is therefore distinct from committing a punishable insult under the Act. Option 4 is correct.