The correct answer is All of the above. Explanation & Key Takeaways: Duties of National Commission for Backward Classes • The commission looks into and keeps track of all issues pertaining to the protections offered to socially and educationally backward classes under the Constitution or under any other law to assess how well they are operating. • It takes part in, offers advice on, and assesses the socio-economic advancement of the economically and socially backward classes under the Union and any State. • It provides the President with reports on the effectiveness of those safeguards once a year and at other times the Commission may deem appropriate. Such reports were presented to each House of Parliament by the President. • A copy of such a report must be sent to the State Government whenever it or any portion of it relates to a matter that affects that State Government. • NCBC is required to carry out any additional duties related to the protection, welfare, development, and progress of the economically and socially backward classes that the President may, subject to the terms of any laws passed by Parliament, by regulation, define. • It has all the powers of a civil court while trying a suit. • Hence all statements are correct. Related Concepts: National Commission for Backward Classes • The NCBC was formed as an initiative for investigating the conditions and difficulties of the socially and educationally backward classes and to make appropriate recommendations concerning them. • Two Backward Class Commissions were established under the leadership of Kaka Kalekar and B.P. Mandal in the 1950s and the 1970s, respectively. • The Indra Sawhney case (Mandal Commission) of 1992 led to the establishment of the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC). • The Supreme Court of India examined the creation of NCBC as a statutory body in the Mandal Commission’s final decision. • In August 2018, the 123rd Amendment Act of 2017 received presidential approval, giving NCBC constitutional standing. • Article 338B has been inserted, forming a Commission for the socially and educationally backward classes to be known as National Commission for Backward Classes. • Composition: The Commission consists of: • Chairperson • Vice-Chairperson • Three other Members in the rank and pay of Secretary to the Govt of India. • Their condition of service and tenure of office has been notified by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. • NCBC is headquartered in Delhi.