The correct answer is Article 359. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Article 359 of the Indian Constitution empowers the President to suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Part III during a National Emergency. • Unlike Article 358, which automatically suspends the rights under Article 19, Article 359 does not automatically suspend any right; it only authorizes the President to issue a specific order naming the rights whose enforcement is to be suspended. • The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 introduced a crucial safeguard, stipulating that the President cannot suspend the right to move the court for the enforcement of rights guaranteed by Article 20 (Protection in respect of conviction for offences) and Article 21 (Protection of life and personal liberty). • A Presidential Order issued under this Article may extend to the whole or any part of the territory of India and must be laid before each House of Parliament for approval as soon as possible after it is made. • While Article 358 only operates in the case of an External Emergency (war or external aggression), Article 359 can be invoked during both External and Internal Emergencies (armed rebellion). Related Concepts: • Article 358: • Relates specifically to the suspension of the provisions of Article 19. • Suspension is automatic and occurs the moment a National Emergency is proclaimed on grounds of war or external aggression. • Article 356: • Provisions regarding the failure of constitutional machinery in states, commonly referred to as President's Rule. • It allows the Union Government to take direct control of a state executive. • Article 357: • Deals with the exercise of legislative powers under a proclamation issued under Article 356. • It permits Parliament to confer the power to make laws for the state on the President or other specified authorities.