The correct answer is President. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Vice President of India holds a constitutional office for a term of five years from the date on which they enter upon their office. • According to Article 67(a) of the Constitution of India, the Vice President may, by writing under their hand addressed to the President, resign their office. • The resignation is a voluntary act and becomes effective as soon as it is accepted by the President of India. • This provision ensures a formal constitutional protocol where the second-highest constitutional authority reports their departure to the highest authority of the Republic of India. Related Concepts: • Vice President's Constitutional Role: • The Vice President serves as the Ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) as per Article 64. • Under Article 65, the Vice President acts as the President during casual vacancies or the absence of the President. • The election of the Vice President is conducted by an Electoral College consisting of members of both Houses of Parliament. • Other Resignation Hierarchies: • The President submits their resignation letter to the Vice President, creating a reciprocal constitutional arrangement. • The Speaker of Lok Sabha resigns by writing to the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha. • The Chief Justice of India and other Supreme Court Judges address their resignation to the President. • The Prime Minister and other Union Ministers submit their resignations directly to the President.