The correct answer is Only a. Key Points • Article 1 to 4 of the Indian Constitution are covered under Part I, which primarily deals with the Union and its Territory. • Article 1: Declares India as a Union of States. It also specifies the territories of India, including states, union territories, and any other territories that may be acquired in the future. • Article 2: Empowers Parliament to admit or establish new states into the Union of India on terms and conditions it deems fit. Hence, statement a is correct. • Article 3: Provides authority to Parliament to form new states, alter the areas of existing states, change boundaries, or rename states. This requires a bill to be introduced in Parliament with the President’s recommendation. • Article 4: Mentions that any laws made under Articles 2 and 3 are not considered constitutional amendments, even if they change the First Schedule (related to states and territories) or the Fourth Schedule (allocation of seats in Rajya Sabha). • The Fundamental Rights, Justice, and Duties (as mentioned in options b, c, and d) are covered under different parts of the Constitution. They are not related to Articles 1 to 4. Hence, these statements are incorrect. • Hence, the correct answer is Only a. Additional Information • Part I of the Indian Constitution: • Part I establishes the structure and scope of the Union of India and its territories. • It ensures the territorial integrity and sovereignty of India while granting flexibility to include or reorganize states and territories. • Union and its Territory (Articles 1-4): • Article 1: Defines India as a Union of States and specifies its territorial extent. • Article 2: Grants powers to admit new territories into India. • Article 3: Empowers Parliament for the reorganization of states (changing their names, boundaries, etc.). • Article 4: Indicates that changes made under Articles 2 and 3 do not require a constitutional amendment. • Examples of State Reorganization: • 1956: Reorganization of states based on linguistic lines under the States Reorganization Act. • 2000: Creation of Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh from existing states. • 2014: Formation of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh under Article 3. Important Points • Fundamental Rights: These are covered under Part III of the Constitution (Articles 12-35). • Justice: Related provisions are found in Part V (Union Judiciary) and Part VI (State Judiciary). • Duties: These are enshrined in the Fundamental Duties under Part IVA (Article 51A).