The correct answer is Only a, b and c. Explanation & Key Takeaways: Prarthana Samaj - • Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang on 31 March 1867. • When Keshub Chandra Sen visited Maharashtra, with the aim to make people believe in one God and worship only one God. • It became popular after Mahadev Govind Ranade joined. • Prarthana Samaj critically examined the relations between contemporary social and cultural systems and religious beliefs and gave priority to social reform as compared with the political changes already initiated by the British government. • Their comprehensive reform movement has led to many impressive projects of cultural change and social reform in Western India. • Such as the improvement of a lot of women and depressed classes, an end to the caste system, abolition of child marriages and infanticide, educational opportunities for women, and remarriage of widows. • Its success was guided by R. G. Bhandarkar, a noted Sanskrit scholar, Atmaram Pandurang, Narayan Chandavarkar, and Mahadev Govind Ranade. • Vitthal Ramji Shinde devoted his life to religious and social reforms. • Vitthal Ramji Shinde continued his missionary work for the Prarthana Samaj. • His efforts were devoted mainly to the removal of untouchability in India. • In 1885 Ranade, Vaman Abaji Modak, and historian Dr R. G. Bhandarkar established the Maharashtra Girls Education Society and Huzurpaga, the oldest girls' high school in Maharashtra. • Hence the correct answer is option 2.