The correct answer is Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Montagu-Chelmsford (or Mont-Ford) Reforms, a plan for constitutional changes prepared in 1918 by Edwin Montagu, the Secretary of State, and Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy, resulted in the Government of India Act of 1919. • In 1921, the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms were put into effect. This Act's main objective was to guarantee Indians' representation in the government. • At both the central and provincial levels of government, the Act enacted reforms. • The Lower House, also known as the Central Legislative Assembly, and the Upper House, also known as the Council of State, were established by the Act. Thus, this Act established bicameralism in India. • The new rules allowed the parliamentarians to vote on a portion of the budget, pass adjournment motions, and ask questions. • However, 75% of the budget was still not up for a vote. The Governor-General and his Executive Council were essentially immune from legislative oversight. • The legislature was subject to a number of limitations: • in order to present a measure that would change an existing law or an ordinance of the Governor General, deal with foreign affairs, ties with Indian states, or the armed forces, the Governor General's approval was required, and • the Indian legislature was unable to amend or overturn any laws adopted by the British Parliament in relation to India. Related Concepts: • The Act established dyarchy (ruling of two people or parties) for the provincial government's executive branch. • Eight provinces—Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Central Provinces, United Provinces, Bombay, Madras, and Punjab—were subject to the dyarchy. • Under the Dyarchy system, regional administrations received increasing authority. • The executive power in the province was to reside in the governor. • The subjects were separated into two lists: "transferred" and "reserved." • The Governor, through his executive council of bureaucrats, was to handle the subjects under the reserved list. • Law and order, finances, land revenue, irrigation, and other topics were covered. • All significant topics were maintained in the Provincial Executive's restricted topics.