The correct answer is Only statement A and B are correct. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Environmental dumping in soil not only may lead to biodiversity loss but may even lead to the endangerment of whole species or even to the extinction of some species. • As buried organic materials decompose, they release methane, a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Hence statement a is correct. • Together with their extensive root systems, trees act as a vast sponge soaking in the excess water. • However, when a large number of trees are cut down, the root system is destroyed, and there is nothing to soak in the extra water, which flows freely, flooding the entire area. • In simple words, Deforestation leads to decreased water holding capability of soil. • This causes excessive water flow into the ground, resulting in floods. Hence statement b is correct. • Francisco Alves Mendes Filho (Xapuri/Acre 1944-1998), mostly known as Chico Mendes, was a labor leader, rubber tapper, and environmentalist who fought for the protection of the Amazon rainforest, the indigenous peoples, the river-dwellers, and the rubber tappers. He was not known as the "Amazon Gandhi" due to his work in the energy field. • Mendes was a climate change activist for environmental reform and conservation of the environment. • His struggle was mainly in favor of the rubber tappers, the Amazon rainforest, and humanity. • He was assassinated in 1988, which drew international attention to the issues of deforestation and indigenous rights in the Amazon.