The correct answer is Shamrao Parulekar. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • During British colonial rule, the Adivasis of Thane district lived and worked under wretched and exploitative conditions marked by forced labour, high rents, low wages, extra-economic coercion. • By the 1940s, most Adivasis in the region had been reduced to the position of tenants or agricultural labourers, bonded to landlords and moneylenders. • Landlords, moneylenders, forest contractors, and state officials played a key role in perpetuating these conditions. • In the years before Independence, 1945-47, Thane witnessed the famous Warli revolt led by the Kisan Sabha in Umbergaon, Dahanu, and Palghar talukas (sub-districts). • Shamrao Parulekar, along with Godavari Parulekar led the Warli Adivasi Revolt in Maharashtra from 1945 to 1947. • Communists, freedom fighters, and Kisan Sabha activists were closely associated with this struggle. • Not only did the revolt end forced labour and establish fixed wages, but it became an integral part of the pre-independence movement against landlordism. • Shamrao Parulekar gave a speech at the conference at Zari in Palghar district and asked them to end the practice of Forced Labour. • The basic reasons for the revolt were the Warlis’ poor condition and their suppression by tyrant landlords. • Result of the revolt: • End to the system of forced labour and bonded labour; • Fixed wages for grass-cutting and other forest-based workers, • Payment of substantial rent arrears.