The correct answer is NITI Aayog. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • Poverty estimation is India is carried out by NITI Aayog's task force through the calculation of the poverty line based on data captured by the National Sample Survey Office under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation(MOSPI). • The National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) is the premier policy think tank of the Indian government, providing both directional and policy inputs to the government at all levels. • NITI Aayog focuses on sectors like digital governance, artificial intelligence, and blockchain technology to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. • Besides, it has embarked on various initiatives including the Atal Innovation Mission, the Aspirational Districts Program, and many others. Related Concepts: • Reserve Bank of India • The RBI is India's central bank, responsible for monetary policy, currency issuance, and financial oversight but typically does not directly publish poverty data. • As the apex financial institution, the RBI controls the issuance and supply of the Indian Rupee and manages the country's main payment systems. • Key responsibilities include regulation and supervision of banks and non-banking finance companies, formulating and implementing a monetary policy aimed at maintaining price stability and economic growth and handling critical functions concerning the Indian Government's finances. • Economic Advisory Council • The Economic Advisory Council (EAC) is a non-permanent, independent institution. • This body advises the Prime Minister on macroeconomic issues and relevant economic policies. • The council evaluates economic trends and issues that could impact policymaking. • It helps the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) develop a macroeconomic policy framework and optimize the government’s efforts to foster strong, sustainable, balanced, and inclusive growth. • While it may use poverty data in its recommendations, it does not typically release these statistics. • Economic Survey • The Economic Survey of India is an annual document that is publicly displayed by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India. • The document is prepared under the guidance of the Chief Economic Adviser, it is presented in Parliament ahead of the Union Budget. • The survey contains in-depth analysis, forecasts, and data related to India's GDP growth, fiscal development, infrastructure, agricultural and industrial production, employment, prices, exports, imports, public services, and more. • This aids policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in understanding economic trends and formulating appropriate policies. • The Economic Survey reflects the government's assessment of annual economic development while suggesting future policy directions.