The correct answer is Appointing the Prime Minister and, on his advice, other Union Ministers. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • According to Article 75 of the Constitution of India, the Prime Minister is appointed by the President, and other Union Ministers are appointed by the President based on the recommendation and advice of the Prime Minister. • The executive power of the Union is formally vested in the President under Article 53, which states that these powers shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him. • As the formal head of the Union Executive, the President ensures the formation of the government by inviting the leader of the majority party or coalition in the Lok Sabha to serve as the Prime Minister. • All executive actions of the Government of India are formally taken in the name of the President, as specified under Article 77 of the Constitution. • While the President is the nominal executive (de jure head), he acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister, making the latter the real executive (de facto head). Related Concepts: • Conducting Elections: • The responsibility for the superintendence, direction, and control of elections to the Parliament and State Legislatures is vested in the Election Commission of India under Article 324, not the President. • Tenure of Governors: • Under Article 156, the Governor of a State holds office during the pleasure of the President. While the President can remove them at any time, the normal term is five years, and this power is exercised on the advice of the Union Cabinet. • Judicial Procedures: • While the President appoints judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts under Article 124 and Article 217, the power to frame rules of procedure for the Supreme Court lies with the Supreme Court itself under Article 145, subject to the approval of the President. • Other Executive Appointments: • The President also appoints the Attorney General of India, the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), the Chief Election Commissioner, and the Chairman and members of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).