The correct answer is President of India. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • The Speaker Pro Tem is a temporary post created to preside over the first few sittings of a newly elected Lok Sabha until a permanent Speaker is elected. • According to Article 99 of the Indian Constitution, every member of either House of Parliament must, before taking their seat, make and subscribe an oath or affirmation before the President or some person appointed by him. • The President of India appoints the Speaker Pro Tem and administers the oath of office to him/her, usually at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, before the first session of the new House begins. • By convention, the most senior member of the Lok Sabha (in terms of number of years/terms served) is chosen for this position to ensure the smooth transition of parliamentary proceedings. • The primary duties of the Speaker Pro Tem include presiding over the first meeting of the Lok Sabha, administering the oath to all other newly elected members, and enabling the election of the permanent Speaker. Related Concepts: • Chief Justice of India: • Responsible for administering the oath of office to the President of India under Article 60. • Does not have a constitutional role in the administration of oaths for members of the Legislature. • Vice President of India: • Acts as the Ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. • The oath of the Vice President is administered by the President or a person appointed by him. • Cabinet Secretary: • The highest-ranking civil servant and the administrative head of the Cabinet Secretariat. • Functions as the chief coordinator of the Government of India but holds no constitutional authority regarding parliamentary oaths. • Nature of Office: • The office of Speaker Pro Tem is strictly temporary and ceases to exist the moment the House elects its permanent Speaker under Article 93.