सविस्तर स्पष्टीकरण (Detailed Explanation):
अचूक उत्तर: पर्याय (2)
दिलेले आहे:
वस्तूची छापील किंमत = ₹2,400
सवलत अनुमत = 40%
नफा = 20%
वापरलेले सूत्र:
विक्री किंमत = छापील किंमत(MP) - सवलत अनुमत आहे
नफा = विक्री किंमत (SP) - खरेदी किंमत (CP)
गणना:
प्रश्नानुसार
छापील किंमत 100x समजू
सवलत = 40%
विक्री किंमत = 100x - 40x = 60x
या SP = 60x वरून, तरीही नफा = 20%
तर, खरेदी किंमत = 60x ÷ 120 x 100 = 50x
+-------------+-------------------+-----+
| खरेदी किंमत | MP | SP |
+-------------+-------------------+-----+
| 50x | 100x | 60x |
| | 2400 (दिलेले आहे) | |
+-------------+-------------------+-----+
खरेदी किंमत = 2400 ÷ 100 x 50 = 1200
∴ खरेदी किंमत 1200 आहे.
Shortcut Trick
Use the direct relation between Cost Price (CP) and Marked Price (MP).
Ratio formula: CP ÷ MP = (100 − Discount%) ÷ (100 + Profit%).
CP ÷ 2,400 = (100 − 40) ÷ (100 + 20) = 60 ÷ 120 = 1 ÷ 2.
2 units = 2,400 ⇒ 1 unit = 1,200.
∴ The correct answer is ₹1,200.
Alternate Method
Given: MP = ₹2,400, Discount = 40%, Profit = 20%.
Formulas: SP = MP × (100 − D%) ÷ 100 | CP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 + P%).
⇒ Selling Price (SP) = 2,400 × (100 − 40) ÷ 100
⇒ SP = 2,400 × 60 ÷ 100 = ₹1,440
⇒ Cost Price (CP) = SP × 100 ÷ (100 + 20)
⇒ CP = 1,440 × 100 ÷ 120 = 12 × 100 = ₹1,200
∴ The correct answer is ₹1,200.
Related Concepts:
Marked Price & Discount
Marked Price is the price printed on the label. Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price.
CP-MP Relation
The ratio CP:MP = (100 − D%) : (100 + P%) is very useful for competitive exams to save time when Profit and Discount are both provided.
स्पष्टीकरण आकृती (Solution Visual Diagram):
Solution Diagram