The correct answer is Tendulkar Committee. Explanation & Key Takeaways: • In December 2005, the Planning Commission constituted an expert group under the chairmanship of Professor Suresh D. Tendulkar to review the methodology of poverty estimation. • The Tendulkar Committee submitted its report in December 2009 and calculated the poverty line and poverty ratio for 2004–05. • According to the Tendulkar method, the poverty line is expressed in terms of MPCE (monthly per capita consumption expenditure) based on a mixed reference period. • The respective proportions for rural and urban areas in 2004–05 were 41.8% and 25.7% and 37.2% for the country as a whole. Related Concepts: • Lakdawala Committee: • The committee was constituted in the year 1993 and was headed by Professor D T Lakdawala. • According to the Lakdawala Committee, the poor cannot meet these average energy requirements. • This committee defined the poverty line based on household per capita consumption expenditure. • The committee used CPI-IL (Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers) and CPI-AL (Consumer Price Index for Agricultural Workers) to estimate the poverty line. • VM Dandekar and N Rath (1971) conducted the first systematic assessment of poverty in India based on National Sample Survey (NSS) data. • Alagh Committee (1979): • The task force constituted by the Planning Commission under the chairmanship of YK Alagh constructed poverty lines for rural and urban areas based on nutritional requirements and related consumption expenditure. • Poverty estimates for subsequent years were to be calculated by adjusting the price level for inflation.