The correct answer is Sutlej, Beas, Ravi. Key Points • The Indus Water Treaty was signed in 1960 between India and Pakistan with the mediation of the World Bank. It governs the use of water from the Indus River and its tributaries. • As per the treaty, the rivers of the Indus system are divided into two categories: Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) and Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej). • India has exclusive rights to use the waters of the Eastern Rivers, i.e., Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi, for purposes such as irrigation, drinking water, and power generation. Hence, the correct answer is Sutlej, Beas, Ravi. • The Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) are allocated to Pakistan, but India is permitted to use a limited quantity for non-consumptive purposes like navigation and hydropower generation. • The treaty has been hailed as one of the most successful water-sharing agreements in the world, even enduring conflicts between the two nations. • The Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers flow mainly through Indian territory, enabling India to utilize their waters fully. This allocation has been critical for the development of irrigation and hydroelectric projects in the northern states of India. Additional Information • About the Indus Water Treaty (1960): • Signed by: Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistan President Ayub Khan under the mediation of the World Bank. • Purpose: To divide the waters of the Indus River system between India and Pakistan, ensuring peaceful and equitable sharing of this vital resource. • Key Features of the Treaty: • India has exclusive rights over the waters of the Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej). • Pakistan has control over the Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab), but India can use them for limited purposes. • The treaty allows India to develop projects on the Western Rivers under strict regulations to ensure minimum disruption to Pakistan's allocated share. • Characteristics of Eastern Rivers: • Ravi: Originates in Himachal Pradesh, flows through Punjab, and joins the Chenab in Pakistan. • Beas: Originates from Beas Kund in Himachal Pradesh and merges with the Sutlej in Punjab. • Sutlej: Originates from Lake Rakshastal in Tibet, flows through Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, and enters Pakistan. Important Points • Usage of Eastern Rivers: • The waters of the Eastern Rivers are extensively used for irrigation in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan. • Hydropower projects like the Bhakra Nangal Dam on the Sutlej have been established to generate electricity and provide water for irrigation. • Conflict Management: • The treaty has mechanisms for dispute resolution, such as the provision to approach neutral experts or international arbitration in case of disagreements. • Despite tensions between India and Pakistan, the treaty has generally been upheld by both nations as a model of peaceful water-sharing. • Examples of Projects: • Bhakra Nangal Project: A major multipurpose project on the Sutlej River. • Ranjit Sagar Dam: Built on the Ravi River, it provides water for irrigation and power generation.